IDAEA is equipped with state-of-the-art instruments for physico-chemical characterization and toxicological assessment of environmental and biological samples. IDAEA’s laboratories provide a reference standard in Europe for chemical, toxicological and mineralogical analyses. Equipment includes mass spectrometers coupled with different chromatographic systems for the determination of organic compounds. These techniques, together with chemometric methodologies, allow the retrieval of information about the sample origin, degradation state and biogeochemical processes. In addition, instruments to determine inorganic pollutants, mercury, organomercury and other compounds are available. IDAEA also offers cell culture facilities, organism housing facilities, histology rooms, behavioural platforms, microscopy facility room, genomics services, equipment for the study of photooxidation kinetics, and solid phase extraction facilities. The institute also owns two pilot sites for the study of water systems and experimental field sites and continuous monitoring networks for groundwater hydraulics, geothermal potential assessment, and quality assessment and modelling. To analyse atmospheric systems, IDAEA operates a unique network of monitoring stations for atmospheric aerosols and gaseous precursors. This network is integrated by a mobile laboratory and three fixed monitoring sites.